Preamble for extremely high throughput trigger based physical layer protocol data unit

ABSTRACT

This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to extremely high throughput (EHT) trigger based (TB) preamble. A device may receive a trigger frame from an associated access point (AP), wherein the trigger frame comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths (BWs) allocated to the device. The device may generate an EHT physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving the trigger frame from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamble that includes a signaling (U-SIG) field. The device may encode the U-SIG field with an indication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW) allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein the indication is a value associated with a first option of one or more options of selectable RU BWs. The device may cause to send the PPDU to the AP and an uplink data transmission direction.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED PATENT APPLICATION(S)

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.63/076,199, filed Sep. 9, 2020, the disclosure of which is incorporatedby reference as set forth in full.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure generally relates to systems and methods for wirelesscommunications and, more particularly, to preamble design for extremehigh throughput (EHT) trigger based (TB) physical layer protocol dataunit (PPDU).

BACKGROUND

Wireless devices are becoming widely prevalent and are increasinglyrequesting access to wireless channels. The Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers (IEEE) is developing one or more standards thatutilize Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) in channelallocation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a network diagram illustrating an example network environmentfor extremely high throughput (EHT) trigger based (TB) preamble, inaccordance with one or more example embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of illustrative process for anillustrative EHT TB preamble system, in accordance with one or moreexample embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a functional diagram of an exemplary communicationstation that may be suitable for use as a user device, in accordancewith one or more example embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an example machine upon which anyof one or more techniques (e.g., methods) may be performed, inaccordance with one or more example embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a radio architecture in accordance withsome examples.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example front-end module circuitry for use in theradio architecture of FIG. 5, in accordance with one or more exampleembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example radio IC circuitry for use in the radioarchitecture of FIG. 5, in accordance with one or more exampleembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example baseband processing circuitry for use inthe radio architecture of FIG. 5, in accordance with one or more exampleembodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description and the drawings sufficiently illustratespecific embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to practicethem. Other embodiments may incorporate structural, logical, electrical,process, algorithm, and other changes. Portions and features of someembodiments may be included in or substituted for, those of otherembodiments. Embodiments set forth in the claims encompass all availableequivalents of those claims.

During communication between an access point (AP) and a station device(STA), the direction of traffic from the AP to the STA is in a downlinkdirection while the direction of traffic from the STA to the AP is in anuplink direction. A physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) (alsoreferred to as a frame) sent from the STA to the AP may comprise datapackets and preambles. Data packets may be preceded by one or morepreambles that may be part of one or more headers. These preambles maybe read by the AP and/or the STA when they receive them. Preambles allowthe AP and/or the STA to detect incoming data packets from each other.In some embodiments, the preambles may be a signal, an identifier,and/or the like used in network communications to synchronize thetransmission timing between two or more devices (e.g., between theaccess points and the user device). The length of each preamble mayaffect the time required to transmit data between devices, which in turnmay increase data packet overhead.

In the 802.11 extremely high throughput (EHT) standard, the preamblecomprises one or more U-SIG fields and one or more EHT-SIG fields.Currently, the U-SIG and EHT-SIG fields have not been designed ordiscussed for EHT-trigger based (TB) PPDU. TB means that the AP may senda trigger frame to the STA to trigger it to respond to the AP with aPPDU based on the trigger frame. Hence, a TB PPDU means that it is aPPDU that is sent from the STA to the AP in the uplink direction inresponse to the STA receiving a trigger frame from the AP in thedownlink direction.

Currently, in a trigger based data transmission, if an AP assigns 80 MHzresource unit (RU) to an STA, but the STA only has 40 MHz bandwidth (BW)idle for an uplink data transmission, then the STA does not transmitanything even on the idle 40 MHz. So, the 40 MHz is wasted. Exampleembodiments facilitate the design of U-SIG and/or EHT-SIG for EHT TBPPDU to enhance the usage of the bandwidth allocation by an STA sendinguplink data transmissions.

Example embodiments of the present disclosure relate to systems,methods, and devices for preamble design for EHT TB PPDU.

In one embodiment, an EHT TB preamble system may facilitate the contentsfor U-SIG in EHT TB PPDU to enhance the usage of the bandwidthallocation by an STA sending uplink data transmissions.

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble may facilitate differentoptions to indicate RU assignment changes in TB PPDU.

The above descriptions are for purposes of illustration and are notmeant to be limiting. Numerous other examples, configurations,processes, algorithms, etc., may exist, some of which are described ingreater detail below. Example embodiments will now be described withreference to the accompanying figures.

FIG. 1 is a network diagram illustrating an example network environmentof EHT TB preamble, according to some example embodiments of the presentdisclosure. Wireless network 100 may include one or more user devices120 and one or more access points(s) (AP) 102, which may communicate inaccordance with IEEE 802.11 communication standards. The user device(s)120 may be mobile devices that are non-stationary (e.g., not havingfixed locations) or may be stationary devices.

In some embodiments, the user devices 120 and the AP 102 may include oneor more computer systems similar to that of the functional diagram ofFIG. 3 and/or the example machine/system of FIG. 4.

One or more illustrative user device(s) 120 and/or AP(s) 102 may beoperable by one or more user(s) 110. It should be noted that anyaddressable unit may be a station (STA). An STA may take on multipledistinct characteristics, each of which shape its function. For example,a single addressable unit might simultaneously be a portable STA, aquality-of-service (QoS) STA, a dependent STA, and a hidden STA. The oneor more illustrative user device(s) 120 and the AP(s) 102 may be STAs.The one or more illustrative user device(s) 120 and/or AP(s) 102 mayoperate as a personal basic service set (PBSS) control point/accesspoint (PCP/AP). The user device(s) 120 (e.g., 124, 126, or 128) and/orAP(s) 102 may include any suitable processor-driven device including,but not limited to, a mobile device or a non-mobile, e.g., a staticdevice. For example, user device(s) 120 and/or AP(s) 102 may include, auser equipment (UE), a station (STA), an access point (AP), a softwareenabled AP (SoftAP), a personal computer (PC), a wearable wirelessdevice (e.g., bracelet, watch, glasses, ring, etc.), a desktop computer,a mobile computer, a laptop computer, an Ultrabook™ computer, a notebookcomputer, a tablet computer, a server computer, a handheld computer, ahandheld device, an internet of things (IoT) device, a sensor device, aPDA device, a handheld PDA device, an on-board device, an off-boarddevice, a hybrid device (e.g., combining cellular phone functionalitieswith PDA device functionalities), a consumer device, a vehicular device,a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a non-mobile ornon-portable device, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a PCS device,a PDA device which incorporates a wireless communication device, amobile or portable GPS device, a DVB device, a relatively smallcomputing device, a non-desktop computer, a “carry small live large”(CSLL) device, an ultra mobile device (UMD), an ultra mobile PC (UMPC),a mobile internet device (MID), an “origami” device or computing device,a device that supports dynamically composable computing (DCC), acontext-aware device, a video device, an audio device, an A/V device, aset-top-box (STB), a blu-ray disc (BD) player, a BD recorder, a digitalvideo disc (DVD) player, a high definition (HD) DVD player, a DVDrecorder, a HD DVD recorder, a personal video recorder (PVR), abroadcast HD receiver, a video source, an audio source, a video sink, anaudio sink, a stereo tuner, a broadcast radio receiver, a flat paneldisplay, a personal media player (PMP), a digital video camera (DVC), adigital audio player, a speaker, an audio receiver, an audio amplifier,a gaming device, a data source, a data sink, a digital still camera(DSC), a media player, a smartphone, a television, a music player, orthe like. Other devices, including smart devices such as lamps, climatecontrol, car components, household components, appliances, etc. may alsobe included in this list.

As used herein, the term “Internet of Things (IoT) device” is used torefer to any object (e.g., an appliance, a sensor, etc.) that has anaddressable interface (e.g., an Internet protocol (IP) address, aBluetooth identifier (ID), a near-field communication (NFC) ID, etc.)and can transmit information to one or more other devices over a wiredor wireless connection. An IoT device may have a passive communicationinterface, such as a quick response (QR) code, a radio-frequencyidentification (RFID) tag, an NFC tag, or the like, or an activecommunication interface, such as a modem, a transceiver, atransmitter-receiver, or the like. An IoT device can have a particularset of attributes (e.g., a device state or status, such as whether theIoT device is on or off, open or closed, idle or active, available fortask execution or busy, and so on, a cooling or heating function, anenvironmental monitoring or recording function, a light-emittingfunction, a sound-emitting function, etc.) that can be embedded inand/or controlled/monitored by a central processing unit (CPU),microprocessor, ASIC, or the like, and configured for connection to anIoT network such as a local ad-hoc network or the Internet. For example,IoT devices may include, but are not limited to, refrigerators,toasters, ovens, microwaves, freezers, dishwashers, dishes, hand tools,clothes washers, clothes dryers, furnaces, air conditioners,thermostats, televisions, light fixtures, vacuum cleaners, sprinklers,electricity meters, gas meters, etc., so long as the devices areequipped with an addressable communications interface for communicatingwith the IoT network. IoT devices may also include cell phones, desktopcomputers, laptop computers, tablet computers, personal digitalassistants (PDAs), etc. Accordingly, the IoT network may be comprised ofa combination of “legacy” Internet-accessible devices (e.g., laptop ordesktop computers, cell phones, etc.) in addition to devices that do nottypically have Internet-connectivity (e.g., dishwashers, etc.).

The user device(s) 120 and/or AP(s) 102 may also include mesh stationsin, for example, a mesh network, in accordance with one or more IEEE802.11 standards and/or 3GPP standards.

Any of the user device(s) 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128), andAP(s) 102 may be configured to communicate with each other via one ormore communications networks 130 and/or 135 wirelessly or wired. Theuser device(s) 120 may also communicate peer-to-peer or directly witheach other with or without the AP(s) 102. Any of the communicationsnetworks 130 and/or 135 may include, but not limited to, any one of acombination of different types of suitable communications networks suchas, for example, broadcasting networks, cable networks, public networks(e.g., the Internet), private networks, wireless networks, cellularnetworks, or any other suitable private and/or public networks. Further,any of the communications networks 130 and/or 135 may have any suitablecommunication range associated therewith and may include, for example,global networks (e.g., the Internet), metropolitan area networks (MANs),wide area networks (WANs), local area networks (LANs), or personal areanetworks (PANs). In addition, any of the communications networks 130and/or 135 may include any type of medium over which network traffic maybe carried including, but not limited to, coaxial cable, twisted-pairwire, optical fiber, a hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC) medium, microwaveterrestrial transceivers, radio frequency communication mediums, whitespace communication mediums, ultra-high frequency communication mediums,satellite communication mediums, or any combination thereof.

Any of the user device(s) 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128) andAP(s) 102 may include one or more communications antennas. The one ormore communications antennas may be any suitable type of antennascorresponding to the communications protocols used by the user device(s)120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126 and 128), and AP(s) 102. Somenon-limiting examples of suitable communications antennas include Wi-Fiantennas, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)802.11 family of standards compatible antennas, directional antennas,non-directional antennas, dipole antennas, folded dipole antennas, patchantennas, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas,omnidirectional antennas, quasi-omnidirectional antennas, or the like.The one or more communications antennas may be communicatively coupledto a radio component to transmit and/or receive signals, such ascommunications signals to and/or from the user devices 120 and/or AP(s)102.

Any of the user device(s) 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128), andAP(s) 102 may be configured to perform directional transmission and/ordirectional reception in conjunction with wirelessly communicating in awireless network. Any of the user device(s) 120 (e.g., user devices 124,126, 128), and AP(s) 102 may be configured to perform such directionaltransmission and/or reception using a set of multiple antenna arrays(e.g., DMG antenna arrays or the like). Each of the multiple antennaarrays may be used for transmission and/or reception in a particularrespective direction or range of directions. Any of the user device(s)120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128), and AP(s) 102 may be configuredto perform any given directional transmission towards one or moredefined transmit sectors. Any of the user device(s) 120 (e.g., userdevices 124, 126, 128), and AP(s) 102 may be configured to perform anygiven directional reception from one or more defined receive sectors.

MIMO beamforming in a wireless network may be accomplished using RFbeamforming and/or digital beamforming. In some embodiments, inperforming a given MIMO transmission, user devices 120 and/or AP(s) 102may be configured to use all or a subset of its one or morecommunications antennas to perform MIMO beamforming.

Any of the user devices 120 (e.g., user devices 124, 126, 128), andAP(s) 102 may include any suitable radio and/or transceiver fortransmitting and/or receiving radio frequency (RF) signals in thebandwidth and/or channels corresponding to the communications protocolsutilized by any of the user device(s) 120 and AP(s) 102 to communicatewith each other. The radio components may include hardware and/orsoftware to modulate and/or demodulate communications signals accordingto pre-established transmission protocols. The radio components mayfurther have hardware and/or software instructions to communicate viaone or more Wi-Fi and/or Wi-Fi direct protocols, as standardized by theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11standards. In certain example embodiments, the radio component, incooperation with the communications antennas, may be configured tocommunicate via 2.4 GHz channels (e.g. 802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n,802.11ax), 5 GHz channels (e.g. 802.11n, 802.11ac, 802.11ax), or 60 GHZchannels (e.g. 802.11ad, 802.1 lay). 800 MHz channels (e.g. 802.11ah).The communications antennas may operate at 28 GHz and 40 GHz. It shouldbe understood that this list of communication channels in accordancewith certain 802.11 standards is only a partial list and that other802.11 standards may be used (e.g., Next Generation Wi-Fi, or otherstandards). In some embodiments, non-Wi-Fi protocols may be used forcommunications between devices, such as Bluetooth, dedicated short-rangecommunication (DSRC), Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) (e.g. IEEE 802.11af,IEEE 802.22), white band frequency (e.g., white spaces), or otherpacketized radio communications. The radio component may include anyknown receiver and baseband suitable for communicating via thecommunications protocols. The radio component may further include a lownoise amplifier (LNA), additional signal amplifiers, ananalog-to-digital (A/D) converter, one or more buffers, and digitalbaseband.

In one embodiment, and with reference to FIG. 1, AP 102 may receive anEHT TB PPDU that comprises an EHT TB preamble 142. The EHT TB preamble142 may comprise a U-SIG field 143.

A trigger frame is a frame that contains a preamble and other fieldsthat may be sent from an AP informing all user devices (STAs) servicedby the AP that channel access is available. The AP may transmit atrigger frame for various reasons, such as allocating resources. STAsmay use the allocated resource to transmit their data in the uplinkdirection. For example, a trigger frame 104 may be sent from the AP 102to one or more user devices 120, which may be STAs, for purposes such asresource allocation, to coordinate the uplink OFDMA operation.

EHT preamble consists of pre-EHT modulated fields and EHT modulatedfields. The pre-EHT modulated fields for the two EHT PPDU formats arethe following:

-   -   L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, and U-SIG fields of an EHT TB PPDU,        or    -   L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, RL-SIG, U-SIG, and EHT-SIG fields of an EHT        MU PPDU.

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble system may facilitateU-SIG content for EHT TB PPDU.

The U-SIG field carries information necessary for the AP and/or the STAto interpret EHT PPDUs. A PHY Version Identifier field is one of theversion independent fields in the U-SIG. The purpose of the PHY versionidentifier is to simplify autodetection for IEEE 802.11 PHY. The valueof this field is used to identify the exact PHY version starting withEHT. The U-SIG includes version independent bits followed by versiondependent bits.

The U-SIG content for EHT TB PPDU may include at least some of thesubfields in Table 1 below.

There are 15 bits reserved as shown in Table 1. The reserved bits can berepurposed. For example, some of the reserved bits may be repurposed forspatial reuse subfield or may be repurposed for an EHT TB PPDU RUindication.

TABLE 1 U-SIG for EHT TB PPDU: Field Category Subfield Bits U-SIGVersion Version identifier  3 Independent UL/DL  1 BSS color  6 TXOP  7PPDU BW  3 Version Preamble puncture indication  5 Dependent PPDU format& compression  2 Reserved 15 CRC & Tail CRC in U-SIG  4 Tail in U-SIG  6Total # of Bits in U-SIG 52

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble system may facilitate EHTTB PPDU RU indication.

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble may facilitate a schemethat allows the non-AP STA to overwrite the RU allocation signaling fromthe trigger frame received from an AP. For instance, if the non-AP STAdoes clear channel assessment (CCA) and finds a portion of the allocatedRU cannot be used due to CCA busy, and the other portion can be used.Then non-AP STA can overwrite the allocated RU by the AP and transmit onthe portion that can be used instead of transmitting nothing. However,the non-AP STA would need to notify the AP of this change.

The AP 102 and/or user devices 120 may perform carrier sensing and candetect whether or not the channel is free. For example, the AP 102and/or user devices 120 may use clear channel assessment (CCA), whichmay include a determination as to whether the channel is clear based ona Decibel-milliwatts (dBm) level of reception.

This disclosure proposes the following options to indicate the RUallocation overwriting:

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble system may facilitate afirst option to add a RU allocation signaling in the U-SIG of EHT TBPPDU. An important rule may be that the new RU may be one of the RU ormulti-RU (M-RU) that has been defined in 11be. Table 2 gives an exampleof the candidate reduction of RU size given differently from theinitially allocated RU BW by the AP in the trigger frame. Given themaximum number of options is 27 for RU 320 MHz, a 5 bits signalingshould be sufficient to indicate the reduced RU. This 5 bits may beincluded in the U-SIG reserved bits when the STA sents its PPDU in theuplink direction to the AP.

TABLE 2 Options to be used by the STA to indicate to the AP anoverriding of the RU BW allocation set by the AP. RU BW (MHz) Options 40 2 (20 MHz) + 1 (40 MHz) = 3 options  80 4 (60 MHz) + 2(40 MHz) +1(80 MHz) = 11 options in total 160 8(140 MHz) + 4(120 MHz) + 1(160MHz) + 2(80 MHz) = 15 options in total 320 2(160 MHz) + 12(200 MHz) +4(240 MHz) + 8(280 MHz) + 1(320 MHz) = 27 options in total

The indication can be done by enabling the AP to detect which channel(e.g., RU BW) the STA is transmitting in the uplink traffic direction(e.g., from STA to AP). For instance, an STA will send a PPDU thatcontains a U-SIG field to the AP. The U-SIG may utilize a number of bits(e.g. from a reserved field as shown in Table 1) that the AP may decodein order to determine at which resource unit bandwidth the STA istransmitting on in the uplink.

In one or more embodiments, an EHT TB preamble system may facilitate asecond option to enable only a few options to reduce the allocated RUsize. That is, applying further restrictions to minimize the burden onthe AP because the AP would have to prepare for all possible options.Therefore, the second option reduces overhead and processing at the AP.For example, if the allocated RU is 80 MHz, only enable the use of 40MHz or 80 MHz. In another example, if the allocated RU is 160 MHz, onlyenable the use of 160 MHz, 120 Mhz or 80 MHz. This option is a trade-offbetween flexibility and overhead. That is, instead of using all possibleoptions to indicate to the AP, only a select a few options that may beused to notify the AP of the change in the RU BW allocation set by theAP. If only 50% reduction is allowed only 1 bit is good to indicate thereduced RU size.

Note that the reduced RU indication can be different per 20 MHz in theU-SIG. or the reduced RU indication can be different per 80 MHz in theU-SIG.

Note that an anchor channel can be defined which carries the preambleused to indicate the RU size in a TB PPDU. For example, an anchorchannel may be the lowest 20 MHz channel in a bandwidth (e.g., in a 40,60, 80, 160, 320 MHz). In an uplink direction when STA sends a TB PPDUfor the AP, the STA may utilize the anchor channel to send informationthat indicates to the AP which RU BW allocation the STA will be using inthe uplink direction. For example, the U-SIG field may comprise theindication. Based on either the first option or the second optionpresented above, the AP may be able to decode the indication comprise inthe U-SIG field in order to determine which channels are used inaddition to the anchor channel. For example, if the AP assigned 80 MHzto the STA but the STA only has a 40 MHz channel that is idle, the STAmay encode the U-SIG with an indication that may be transmitted on thelowest 20 MHz anchor channel. The indication may tell the AP that the 40MHz that the STA is using comprises the anchor channel plus the adjacent20 MHz channel.

It is understood that the above descriptions are for purposes ofillustration and are not meant to be limiting.

FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of illustrative process 200 for an EHTTB preamble system, in accordance with one or more example embodimentsof the present disclosure.

At block 202, a device (e.g., the user device(s) 120 and/or the AP 102of FIG. 1 and/or the device 419 of FIG. 4) may receive a trigger framefrom an associated access point (AP), wherein the trigger framecomprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths (BWs) allocated tothe device.

At block 204, the device may generate an extremely high throughput (EHT)physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving the triggerframe from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamblethat includes a signaling (U-SIG) field. The U-SIG field comprises aversion independent portion and a version independent portion. Theversion independent portion comprises a version identifier field, anuplink (UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basic service set (BSS) color field,a transmit opportunity (TXOP) field, and a PPDU BW field. The versionindependent portion comprises a preamble puncture indication field, aPPDU format and compression field, and reserved bits. The U-SIG furthercomprises a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) and a tail field.

At block 206, the device may encode the U-SIG field with an indicationof one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW) allocations to be usedfor sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein the indication is a valueassociated with a first option of one or more options of selectable RUBWs. The indication is included in the reserved bits of the versiondependent portion of the U-SIG field. The indication overrides the oneor more resource RU BW allocations by the AP. The selectable RU BWs arebased on an idle determination of clear channel assessment (CCA). Theselectable RU BWs include at least an anchor 20 MHz channel.

At block 208, the device may cause to send the PPDU to the AP and anuplink data transmission direction.

It is understood that the above descriptions are for purposes ofillustration and are not meant to be limiting.

FIG. 3 shows a functional diagram of an exemplary communication station300, in accordance with one or more example embodiments of the presentdisclosure. In one embodiment, FIG. 3 illustrates a functional blockdiagram of a communication station that may be suitable for use as an AP102 (FIG. 1) or a user device 120 (FIG. 1) in accordance with someembodiments. The communication station 300 may also be suitable for useas a handheld device, a mobile device, a cellular telephone, asmartphone, a tablet, a netbook, a wireless terminal, a laptop computer,a wearable computer device, a femtocell, a high data rate (HDR)subscriber station, an access point, an access terminal, or otherpersonal communication system (PCS) device.

The communication station 300 may include communications circuitry 302and a transceiver 310 for transmitting and receiving signals to and fromother communication stations using one or more antennas 301. Thecommunications circuitry 302 may include circuitry that can operate thephysical layer (PHY) communications and/or medium access control (MAC)communications for controlling access to the wireless medium, and/or anyother communications layers for transmitting and receiving signals. Thecommunication station 300 may also include processing circuitry 306 andmemory 308 arranged to perform the operations described herein. In someembodiments, the communications circuitry 302 and the processingcircuitry 306 may be configured to perform operations detailed in theabove figures, diagrams, and flows.

In accordance with some embodiments, the communications circuitry 302may be arranged to contend for a wireless medium and configure frames orpackets for communicating over the wireless medium. The communicationscircuitry 302 may be arranged to transmit and receive signals. Thecommunications circuitry 302 may also include circuitry formodulation/demodulation, upconversion/downconversion, filtering,amplification, etc. In some embodiments, the processing circuitry 306 ofthe communication station 300 may include one or more processors. Inother embodiments, two or more antennas 301 may be coupled to thecommunications circuitry 302 arranged for sending and receiving signals.The memory 308 may store information for configuring the processingcircuitry 306 to perform operations for configuring and transmittingmessage frames and performing the various operations described herein.The memory 308 may include any type of memory, including non-transitorymemory, for storing information in a form readable by a machine (e.g., acomputer). For example, the memory 308 may include a computer-readablestorage device, read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (RAM),magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash-memory devicesand other storage devices and media.

In some embodiments, the communication station 300 may be part of aportable wireless communication device, such as a personal digitalassistant (PDA), a laptop or portable computer with wirelesscommunication capability, a web tablet, a wireless telephone, asmartphone, a wireless headset, a pager, an instant messaging device, adigital camera, an access point, a television, a medical device (e.g., aheart rate monitor, a blood pressure monitor, etc.), a wearable computerdevice, or another device that may receive and/or transmit informationwirelessly.

In some embodiments, the communication station 300 may include one ormore antennas 301. The antennas 301 may include one or more directionalor omnidirectional antennas, including, for example, dipole antennas,monopole antennas, patch antennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas,or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals. Insome embodiments, instead of two or more antennas, a single antenna withmultiple apertures may be used. In these embodiments, each aperture maybe considered a separate antenna. In some multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) embodiments, the antennas may be effectively separated forspatial diversity and the different channel characteristics that mayresult between each of the antennas and the antennas of a transmittingstation.

In some embodiments, the communication station 300 may include one ormore of a keyboard, a display, a non-volatile memory port, multipleantennas, a graphics processor, an application processor, speakers, andother mobile device elements. The display may be an LCD screen includinga touch screen.

Although the communication station 300 is illustrated as having severalseparate functional elements, two or more of the functional elements maybe combined and may be implemented by combinations ofsoftware-configured elements, such as processing elements includingdigital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements. Forexample, some elements may include one or more microprocessors, DSPs,field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integratedcircuits (ASIC s), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) andcombinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing atleast the functions described herein. In some embodiments, thefunctional elements of the communication station 300 may refer to one ormore processes operating on one or more processing elements.

Certain embodiments may be implemented in one or a combination ofhardware, firmware, and software. Other embodiments may also beimplemented as instructions stored on a computer-readable storagedevice, which may be read and executed by at least one processor toperform the operations described herein. A computer-readable storagedevice may include any non-transitory memory mechanism for storinginformation in a form readable by a machine (e.g., a computer). Forexample, a computer-readable storage device may include read-only memory(ROM), random-access memory (RAM), magnetic disk storage media, opticalstorage media, flash-memory devices, and other storage devices andmedia. In some embodiments, the communication station 300 may includeone or more processors and may be configured with instructions stored ona computer-readable storage device.

FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an example of a machine 400 orsystem upon which any one or more of the techniques (e.g.,methodologies) discussed herein may be performed. In other embodiments,the machine 400 may operate as a standalone device or may be connected(e.g., networked) to other machines. In a networked deployment, themachine 400 may operate in the capacity of a server machine, a clientmachine, or both in server-client network environments. In an example,the machine 400 may act as a peer machine in peer-to-peer (P2P) (orother distributed) network environments. The machine 400 may be apersonal computer (PC), a tablet PC, a set-top box (STB), a personaldigital assistant (PDA), a mobile telephone, a wearable computer device,a web appliance, a network router, a switch or bridge, or any machinecapable of executing instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specifyactions to be taken by that machine, such as a base station. Further,while only a single machine is illustrated, the term “machine” shallalso be taken to include any collection of machines that individually orjointly execute a set (or multiple sets) of instructions to perform anyone or more of the methodologies discussed herein, such as cloudcomputing, software as a service (SaaS), or other computer clusterconfigurations.

Examples, as described herein, may include or may operate on logic or anumber of components, modules, or mechanisms. Modules are tangibleentities (e.g., hardware) capable of performing specified operationswhen operating. A module includes hardware. In an example, the hardwaremay be specifically configured to carry out a specific operation (e.g.,hardwired). In another example, the hardware may include configurableexecution units (e.g., transistors, circuits, etc.) and a computerreadable medium containing instructions where the instructions configurethe execution units to carry out a specific operation when in operation.The configuring may occur under the direction of the executions units ora loading mechanism. Accordingly, the execution units arecommunicatively coupled to the computer-readable medium when the deviceis operating. In this example, the execution units may be a member ofmore than one module. For example, under operation, the execution unitsmay be configured by a first set of instructions to implement a firstmodule at one point in time and reconfigured by a second set ofinstructions to implement a second module at a second point in time.

The machine (e.g., computer system) 400 may include a hardware processor402 (e.g., a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit(GPU), a hardware processor core, or any combination thereof), a mainmemory 404 and a static memory 406, some or all of which may communicatewith each other via an interlink (e.g., bus) 408. The machine 400 mayfurther include a power management device 432, a graphics display device410, an alphanumeric input device 412 (e.g., a keyboard), and a userinterface (UI) navigation device 414 (e.g., a mouse). In an example, thegraphics display device 410, alphanumeric input device 412, and UInavigation device 414 may be a touch screen display. The machine 400 mayadditionally include a storage device (i.e., drive unit) 416, a signalgeneration device 418 (e.g., a speaker), an EHT TB preamble device 419,a network interface device/transceiver 420 coupled to antenna(s) 430,and one or more sensors 428, such as a global positioning system (GPS)sensor, a compass, an accelerometer, or other sensor. The machine 400may include an output controller 434, such as a serial (e.g., universalserial bus (USB), parallel, or other wired or wireless (e.g., infrared(IR), near field communication (NFC), etc.) connection to communicatewith or control one or more peripheral devices (e.g., a printer, a cardreader, etc.)). The operations in accordance with one or more exampleembodiments of the present disclosure may be carried out by a basebandprocessor. The baseband processor may be configured to generatecorresponding baseband signals. The baseband processor may furtherinclude physical layer (PHY) and medium access control layer (MAC)circuitry, and may further interface with the hardware processor 402 forgeneration and processing of the baseband signals and for controllingoperations of the main memory 404, the storage device 416, and/or theEHT TB preamble device 419. The baseband processor may be provided on asingle radio card, a single chip, or an integrated circuit (IC).

The storage device 416 may include a machine readable medium 422 onwhich is stored one or more sets of data structures or instructions 424(e.g., software) embodying or utilized by any one or more of thetechniques or functions described herein. The instructions 424 may alsoreside, completely or at least partially, within the main memory 404,within the static memory 406, or within the hardware processor 402during execution thereof by the machine 400. In an example, one or anycombination of the hardware processor 402, the main memory 404, thestatic memory 406, or the storage device 416 may constitutemachine-readable media.

The EHT TB preamble device 419 may carry out or perform any of theoperations and processes (e.g., process 200) described and shown above.

It is understood that the above are only a subset of what the EHT TBpreamble device 419 may be configured to perform and that otherfunctions included throughout this disclosure may also be performed bythe EHT TB preamble device 419.

While the machine-readable medium 422 is illustrated as a single medium,the term “machine-readable medium” may include a single medium ormultiple media (e.g., a centralized or distributed database, and/orassociated caches and servers) configured to store the one or moreinstructions 424.

Various embodiments may be implemented fully or partially in softwareand/or firmware. This software and/or firmware may take the form ofinstructions contained in or on a non-transitory computer-readablestorage medium. Those instructions may then be read and executed by oneor more processors to enable performance of the operations describedherein. The instructions may be in any suitable form, such as but notlimited to source code, compiled code, interpreted code, executablecode, static code, dynamic code, and the like. Such a computer-readablemedium may include any tangible non-transitory medium for storinginformation in a form readable by one or more computers, such as but notlimited to read only memory (ROM); random access memory (RAM); magneticdisk storage media; optical storage media; a flash memory, etc.

The term “machine-readable medium” may include any medium that iscapable of storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution bythe machine 400 and that cause the machine 400 to perform any one ormore of the techniques of the present disclosure, or that is capable ofstoring, encoding, or carrying data structures used by or associatedwith such instructions. Non-limiting machine-readable medium examplesmay include solid-state memories and optical and magnetic media. In anexample, a massed machine-readable medium includes a machine-readablemedium with a plurality of particles having resting mass. Specificexamples of massed machine-readable media may include non-volatilememory, such as semiconductor memory devices (e.g., electricallyprogrammable read-only memory (EPROM), or electrically erasableprogrammable read-only memory (EEPROM)) and flash memory devices;magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks;magneto-optical disks; and CD-ROM and DVD-ROM disks.

The instructions 424 may further be transmitted or received over acommunications network 426 using a transmission medium via the networkinterface device/transceiver 420 utilizing any one of a number oftransfer protocols (e.g., frame relay, internet protocol (IP),transmission control protocol (TCP), user datagram protocol (UDP),hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP), etc.). Example communicationsnetworks may include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network(WAN), a packet data network (e.g., the Internet), mobile telephonenetworks (e.g., cellular networks), plain old telephone (POTS) networks,wireless data networks (e.g., Institute of Electrical and ElectronicsEngineers (IEEE) 802.11 family of standards known as Wi-Fi®, IEEE 802.16family of standards known as WiMax®), IEEE 802.15.4 family of standards,and peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, among others. In an example, thenetwork interface device/transceiver 420 may include one or morephysical jacks (e.g., Ethernet, coaxial, or phone jacks) or one or moreantennas to connect to the communications network 426. In an example,the network interface device/transceiver 420 may include a plurality ofantennas to wirelessly communicate using at least one of single-inputmultiple-output (SIMO), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), ormultiple-input single-output (MISO) techniques. The term “transmissionmedium” shall be taken to include any intangible medium that is capableof storing, encoding, or carrying instructions for execution by themachine 400 and includes digital or analog communications signals orother intangible media to facilitate communication of such software.

The operations and processes described and shown above may be carriedout or performed in any suitable order as desired in variousimplementations. Additionally, in certain implementations, at least aportion of the operations may be carried out in parallel. Furthermore,in certain implementations, less than or more than the operationsdescribed may be performed.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a radio architecture 105A, 105B inaccordance with some embodiments that may be implemented in any one ofthe example APs 102 and/or the example user devices 120 of FIG. 1. Radioarchitecture 105A, 105B may include radio front-end module (FEM)circuitry 504 a-b, radio IC circuitry 506 a-b and baseband processingcircuitry 508 a-b. Radio architecture 105A, 105B as shown includes bothWireless Local Area Network (WLAN) functionality and Bluetooth (BT)functionality although embodiments are not so limited. In thisdisclosure, “WLAN” and “Wi-Fi” are used interchangeably.

FEM circuitry 504 a-b may include a WLAN or Wi-Fi FEM circuitry 504 aand a Bluetooth (BT) FEM circuitry 504 b. The WLAN FEM circuitry 504 amay include a receive signal path comprising circuitry configured tooperate on WLAN RF signals received from one or more antennas 501, toamplify the received signals and to provide the amplified versions ofthe received signals to the WLAN radio IC circuitry 506 a for furtherprocessing. The BT FEM circuitry 504 b may include a receive signal pathwhich may include circuitry configured to operate on BT RF signalsreceived from one or more antennas 501, to amplify the received signalsand to provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the BTradio IC circuitry 506 b for further processing. FEM circuitry 504 a mayalso include a transmit signal path which may include circuitryconfigured to amplify WLAN signals provided by the radio IC circuitry506 a for wireless transmission by one or more of the antennas 501. Inaddition, FEM circuitry 504 b may also include a transmit signal pathwhich may include circuitry configured to amplify BT signals provided bythe radio IC circuitry 506 b for wireless transmission by the one ormore antennas. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, although FEM 504 a and FEM504 b are shown as being distinct from one another, embodiments are notso limited, and include within their scope the use of an FEM (not shown)that includes a transmit path and/or a receive path for both WLAN and BTsignals, or the use of one or more FEM circuitries where at least someof the FEM circuitries share transmit and/or receive signal paths forboth WLAN and BT signals.

Radio IC circuitry 506 a-b as shown may include WLAN radio IC circuitry506 a and BT radio IC circuitry 506 b. The WLAN radio IC circuitry 506 amay include a receive signal path which may include circuitry todown-convert WLAN RF signals received from the FEM circuitry 504 a andprovide baseband signals to WLAN baseband processing circuitry 508 a. BTradio IC circuitry 506 b may in turn include a receive signal path whichmay include circuitry to down-convert BT RF signals received from theFEM circuitry 504 b and provide baseband signals to BT basebandprocessing circuitry 508 b. WLAN radio IC circuitry 506 a may alsoinclude a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convertWLAN baseband signals provided by the WLAN baseband processing circuitry508 a and provide WLAN RF output signals to the FEM circuitry 504 a forsubsequent wireless transmission by the one or more antennas 501. BTradio IC circuitry 506 b may also include a transmit signal path whichmay include circuitry to up-convert BT baseband signals provided by theBT baseband processing circuitry 508 b and provide BT RF output signalsto the FEM circuitry 504 b for subsequent wireless transmission by theone or more antennas 501. In the embodiment of FIG. 5, although radio ICcircuitries 506 a and 506 b are shown as being distinct from oneanother, embodiments are not so limited, and include within their scopethe use of a radio IC circuitry (not shown) that includes a transmitsignal path and/or a receive signal path for both WLAN and BT signals,or the use of one or more radio IC circuitries where at least some ofthe radio IC circuitries share transmit and/or receive signal paths forboth WLAN and BT signals.

Baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b may include a WLAN basebandprocessing circuitry 508 a and a BT baseband processing circuitry 508 b.The WLAN baseband processing circuitry 508 a may include a memory, suchas, for example, a set of RAM arrays in a Fast Fourier Transform orInverse Fast Fourier Transform block (not shown) of the WLAN basebandprocessing circuitry 508 a. Each of the WLAN baseband processingcircuitry 508 a and the BT baseband circuitry 508 b may further includeone or more processors and control logic to process the signals receivedfrom the corresponding WLAN or BT receive signal path of the radio ICcircuitry 506 a-b, and to also generate corresponding WLAN or BTbaseband signals for the transmit signal path of the radio IC circuitry506 a-b. Each of the baseband processing circuitries 508 a and 508 b mayfurther include physical layer (PHY) and medium access control layer(MAC) circuitry, and may further interface with a device for generationand processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations ofthe radio IC circuitry 506 a-b.

Referring still to FIG. 5, according to the shown embodiment, WLAN-BTcoexistence circuitry 513 may include logic providing an interfacebetween the WLAN baseband circuitry 508 a and the BT baseband circuitry508 b to enable use cases requiring WLAN and BT coexistence. Inaddition, a switch 503 may be provided between the WLAN FEM circuitry504 a and the BT FEM circuitry 504 b to allow switching between the WLANand BT radios according to application needs. In addition, although theantennas 501 are depicted as being respectively connected to the WLANFEM circuitry 504 a and the BT FEM circuitry 504 b, embodiments includewithin their scope the sharing of one or more antennas as between theWLAN and BT FEMs, or the provision of more than one antenna connected toeach of FEM 504 a or 504 b.

In some embodiments, the front-end module circuitry 504 a-b, the radioIC circuitry 506 a-b, and baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b may beprovided on a single radio card, such as wireless radio card 502. Insome other embodiments, the one or more antennas 501, the FEM circuitry504 a-b and the radio IC circuitry 506 a-b may be provided on a singleradio card. In some other embodiments, the radio IC circuitry 506 a-band the baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b may be provided on asingle chip or integrated circuit (IC), such as IC 512.

In some embodiments, the wireless radio card 502 may include a WLANradio card and may be configured for Wi-Fi communications, although thescope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some ofthese embodiments, the radio architecture 105A, 105B may be configuredto receive and transmit orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM)or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communicationsignals over a multicarrier communication channel. The OFDM or OFDMAsignals may comprise a plurality of orthogonal subcarriers.

In some of these multicarrier embodiments, radio architecture 105A, 105Bmay be part of a Wi-Fi communication station (STA) such as a wirelessaccess point (AP), a base station or a mobile device including a Wi-Fidevice. In some of these embodiments, radio architecture 105A, 105B maybe configured to transmit and receive signals in accordance withspecific communication standards and/or protocols, such as any of theInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standardsincluding, 802.11n-2009, IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11-2016,802.11n-2009, 802.11ac, 802.11ah, 802.11ad, 802.11 ay and/or 802.11axstandards and/or proposed specifications for WLANs, although the scopeof embodiments is not limited in this respect. Radio architecture 105A,105B may also be suitable to transmit and/or receive communications inaccordance with other techniques and standards.

In some embodiments, the radio architecture 105A, 105B may be configuredfor high-efficiency Wi-Fi (HEW) communications in accordance with theIEEE 802.11ax standard. In these embodiments, the radio architecture105A, 105B may be configured to communicate in accordance with an OFDMAtechnique, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in thisrespect.

In some other embodiments, the radio architecture 105A, 105B may beconfigured to transmit and receive signals transmitted using one or moreother modulation techniques such as spread spectrum modulation (e.g.,direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and/or frequencyhopping code division multiple access (FH-CDMA)), time-divisionmultiplexing (TDM) modulation, and/or frequency-division multiplexing(FDM) modulation, although the scope of the embodiments is not limitedin this respect.

In some embodiments, as further shown in FIG. 6, the BT basebandcircuitry 508 b may be compliant with a Bluetooth (BT) connectivitystandard such as Bluetooth, Bluetooth 8.0 or Bluetooth 6.0, or any otheriteration of the Bluetooth Standard.

In some embodiments, the radio architecture 105A, 105B may include otherradio cards, such as a cellular radio card configured for cellular(e.g., 5GPP such as LTE, LTE-Advanced or 7G communications).

In some IEEE 802.11 embodiments, the radio architecture 105A, 105B maybe configured for communication over various channel bandwidthsincluding bandwidths having center frequencies of about 900 MHz, 2.4GHz, 5 GHz, and bandwidths of about 2 MHz, 4 MHz, 5 MHz, 5.5 MHz, 6 MHz,8 MHz, 10 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz (with contiguous bandwidths) or80+80 MHz (160 MHz) (with non-contiguous bandwidths). In someembodiments, a 920 MHz channel bandwidth may be used. The scope of theembodiments is not limited with respect to the above center frequencieshowever.

FIG. 6 illustrates WLAN FEM circuitry 504 a in accordance with someembodiments. Although the example of FIG. 6 is described in conjunctionwith the WLAN FEM circuitry 504 a, the example of FIG. 6 may bedescribed in conjunction with the example BT FEM circuitry 504 b (FIG.5), although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.

In some embodiments, the FEM circuitry 504 a may include a TX/RX switch602 to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation. The FEMcircuitry 504 a may include a receive signal path and a transmit signalpath. The receive signal path of the FEM circuitry 504 a may include alow-noise amplifier (LNA) 606 to amplify received RF signals 603 andprovide the amplified received RF signals 607 as an output (e.g., to theradio IC circuitry 506 a-b (FIG. 5)). The transmit signal path of thecircuitry 504 a may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RFsignals 609 (e.g., provided by the radio IC circuitry 506 a-b), and oneor more filters 612, such as band-pass filters (BPFs), low-pass filters(LPFs) or other types of filters, to generate RF signals 615 forsubsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the antennas 501 (FIG.5)) via an example duplexer 614.

In some dual-mode embodiments for Wi-Fi communication, the FEM circuitry504 a may be configured to operate in either the 2.4 GHz frequencyspectrum or the 5 GHz frequency spectrum. In these embodiments, thereceive signal path of the FEM circuitry 504 a may include a receivesignal path duplexer 604 to separate the signals from each spectrum aswell as provide a separate LNA 606 for each spectrum as shown. In theseembodiments, the transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 504 a mayalso include a power amplifier 610 and a filter 612, such as a BPF, anLPF or another type of filter for each frequency spectrum and a transmitsignal path duplexer 604 to provide the signals of one of the differentspectrums onto a single transmit path for subsequent transmission by theone or more of the antennas 501 (FIG. 5). In some embodiments, BTcommunications may utilize the 2.4 GHz signal paths and may utilize thesame FEM circuitry 504 a as the one used for WLAN communications.

FIG. 7 illustrates radio IC circuitry 506 a in accordance with someembodiments. The radio IC circuitry 506 a is one example of circuitrythat may be suitable for use as the WLAN or BT radio IC circuitry 506a/506 b (FIG. 5), although other circuitry configurations may also besuitable. Alternatively, the example of FIG. 7 may be described inconjunction with the example BT radio IC circuitry 506 b.

In some embodiments, the radio IC circuitry 506 a may include a receivesignal path and a transmit signal path. The receive signal path of theradio IC circuitry 506 a may include at least mixer circuitry 702, suchas, for example, down-conversion mixer circuitry, amplifier circuitry706 and filter circuitry 708. The transmit signal path of the radio ICcircuitry 506 a may include at least filter circuitry 712 and mixercircuitry 714, such as, for example, up-conversion mixer circuitry.Radio IC circuitry 506 a may also include synthesizer circuitry 704 forsynthesizing a frequency 705 for use by the mixer circuitry 702 and themixer circuitry 714. The mixer circuitry 702 and/or 714 may each,according to some embodiments, be configured to provide directconversion functionality. The latter type of circuitry presents a muchsimpler architecture as compared with standard super-heterodyne mixercircuitries, and any flicker noise brought about by the same may bealleviated for example through the use of OFDM modulation. FIG. 7illustrates only a simplified version of a radio IC circuitry, and mayinclude, although not shown, embodiments where each of the depictedcircuitries may include more than one component. For instance, mixercircuitry 714 may each include one or more mixers, and filtercircuitries 708 and/or 712 may each include one or more filters, such asone or more BPFs and/or LPFs according to application needs. Forexample, when mixer circuitries are of the direct-conversion type, theymay each include two or more mixers.

In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 702 may be configured todown-convert RF signals 607 received from the FEM circuitry 504 a-b(FIG. 5) based on the synthesized frequency 705 provided by synthesizercircuitry 704. The amplifier circuitry 706 may be configured to amplifythe down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 708 may include anLPF configured to remove unwanted signals from the down-convertedsignals to generate output baseband signals 707. Output baseband signals707 may be provided to the baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b (FIG.5) for further processing. In some embodiments, the output basebandsignals 707 may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is nota requirement. In some embodiments, mixer circuitry 702 may comprisepassive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited inthis respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 714 may be configured toup-convert input baseband signals 711 based on the synthesized frequency705 provided by the synthesizer circuitry 704 to generate RF outputsignals 609 for the FEM circuitry 504 a-b. The baseband signals 711 maybe provided by the baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b and may befiltered by filter circuitry 712. The filter circuitry 712 may includean LPF or a BPF, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited inthis respect.

In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 702 and the mixer circuitry 714may each include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadraturedown-conversion and/or up-conversion respectively with the help ofsynthesizer circuitry 704. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 702and the mixer circuitry 714 may each include two or more mixers eachconfigured for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection). In someembodiments, the mixer circuitry 702 and the mixer circuitry 714 may bearranged for direct down-conversion and/or direct up-conversion,respectively. In some embodiments, the mixer circuitry 702 and the mixercircuitry 714 may be configured for super-heterodyne operation, althoughthis is not a requirement.

Mixer circuitry 702 may comprise, according to one embodiment:quadrature passive mixers (e.g., for the in-phase (I) and quadraturephase (Q) paths). In such an embodiment, RF input signal 607 from FIG. 7may be down-converted to provide I and Q baseband output signals to besent to the baseband processor.

Quadrature passive mixers may be driven by zero and ninety-degreetime-varying LO switching signals provided by a quadrature circuitrywhich may be configured to receive a LO frequency (fLO) from a localoscillator or a synthesizer, such as LO frequency 705 of synthesizercircuitry 704 (FIG. 7). In some embodiments, the LO frequency may be thecarrier frequency, while in other embodiments, the LO frequency may be afraction of the carrier frequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency,one-third the carrier frequency). In some embodiments, the zero andninety-degree time-varying switching signals may be generated by thesynthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited inthis respect.

In some embodiments, the LO signals may differ in duty cycle (thepercentage of one period in which the LO signal is high) and/or offset(the difference between start points of the period). In someembodiments, the LO signals may have an 85% duty cycle and an 80%offset. In some embodiments, each branch of the mixer circuitry (e.g.,the in-phase (I) and quadrature phase (Q) path) may operate at an 80%duty cycle, which may result in a significant reduction is powerconsumption.

The RF input signal 607 (FIG. 6) may comprise a balanced signal,although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.The I and Q baseband output signals may be provided to low-noiseamplifier, such as amplifier circuitry 706 (FIG. 7) or to filtercircuitry 708 (FIG. 7).

In some embodiments, the output baseband signals 707 and the inputbaseband signals 711 may be analog baseband signals, although the scopeof the embodiments is not limited in this respect. In some alternateembodiments, the output baseband signals 707 and the input basebandsignals 711 may be digital baseband signals. In these alternateembodiments, the radio IC circuitry may include analog-to-digitalconverter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry.

In some dual-mode embodiments, a separate radio IC circuitry may beprovided for processing signals for each spectrum, or for otherspectrums not mentioned here, although the scope of the embodiments isnot limited in this respect.

In some embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 704 may be a fractional-Nsynthesizer or a fractional N/N+1 synthesizer, although the scope of theembodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequencysynthesizers may be suitable. For example, synthesizer circuitry 704 maybe a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizercomprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider. According tosome embodiments, the synthesizer circuitry 704 may include digitalsynthesizer circuitry. An advantage of using a digital synthesizercircuitry is that, although it may still include some analog components,its footprint may be scaled down much more than the footprint of ananalog synthesizer circuitry. In some embodiments, frequency input intosynthesizer circuitry 704 may be provided by a voltage controlledoscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement. A divider controlinput may further be provided by either the baseband processingcircuitry 508 a-b (FIG. 5) depending on the desired output frequency705. In some embodiments, a divider control input (e.g., N) may bedetermined from a look-up table (e.g., within a Wi-Fi card) based on achannel number and a channel center frequency as determined or indicatedby the example application processor 510. The application processor 510may include, or otherwise be connected to, one of the example securesignal converter 101 or the example received signal converter 103 (e.g.,depending on which device the example radio architecture is implementedin).

In some embodiments, synthesizer circuitry 704 may be configured togenerate a carrier frequency as the output frequency 705, while in otherembodiments, the output frequency 705 may be a fraction of the carrierfrequency (e.g., one-half the carrier frequency, one-third the carrierfrequency). In some embodiments, the output frequency 705 may be a LOfrequency (fLO).

FIG. 8 illustrates a functional block diagram of baseband processingcircuitry 508 a in accordance with some embodiments. The basebandprocessing circuitry 508 a is one example of circuitry that may besuitable for use as the baseband processing circuitry 508 a (FIG. 5),although other circuitry configurations may also be suitable.Alternatively, the example of FIG. 7 may be used to implement theexample BT baseband processing circuitry 508 b of FIG. 5.

The baseband processing circuitry 508 a may include a receive basebandprocessor (RX BBP) 802 for processing receive baseband signals 709provided by the radio IC circuitry 506 a-b (FIG. 5) and a transmitbaseband processor (TX BBP) 804 for generating transmit baseband signals711 for the radio IC circuitry 506 a-b. The baseband processingcircuitry 508 a may also include control logic 806 for coordinating theoperations of the baseband processing circuitry 508 a.

In some embodiments (e.g., when analog baseband signals are exchangedbetween the baseband processing circuitry 508 a-b and the radio ICcircuitry 506 a-b), the baseband processing circuitry 508 a may includeADC 810 to convert analog baseband signals 809 received from the radioIC circuitry 506 a-b to digital baseband signals for processing by theRX BBP 802. In these embodiments, the baseband processing circuitry 508a may also include DAC 812 to convert digital baseband signals from theTX BBP 804 to analog baseband signals 811.

In some embodiments that communicate OFDM signals or OFDMA signals, suchas through baseband processing circuitry 508 a, the transmit basebandprocessor 804 may be configured to generate OFDM or OFDMA signals asappropriate for transmission by performing an inverse fast Fouriertransform (IFFT). The receive baseband processor 802 may be configuredto process received OFDM signals or OFDMA signals by performing an FFT.In some embodiments, the receive baseband processor 802 may beconfigured to detect the presence of an OFDM signal or OFDMA signal byperforming an autocorrelation, to detect a preamble, such as a shortpreamble, and by performing a cross-correlation, to detect a longpreamble. The preambles may be part of a predetermined frame structurefor Wi-Fi communication.

Referring back to FIG. 5, in some embodiments, the antennas 501 (FIG. 5)may each comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas,including, for example, dipole antennas, monopole antennas, patchantennas, loop antennas, microstrip antennas or other types of antennassuitable for transmission of RF signals. In some multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) embodiments, the antennas may be effectivelyseparated to take advantage of spatial diversity and the differentchannel characteristics that may result. Antennas 501 may each include aset of phased-array antennas, although embodiments are not so limited.

Although the radio architecture 105A, 105B is illustrated as havingseveral separate functional elements, one or more of the functionalelements may be combined and may be implemented by combinations ofsoftware-configured elements, such as processing elements includingdigital signal processors (DSPs), and/or other hardware elements. Forexample, some elements may comprise one or more microprocessors, DSPs,field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integratedcircuits (ASICs), radio-frequency integrated circuits (RFICs) andcombinations of various hardware and logic circuitry for performing atleast the functions described herein. In some embodiments, thefunctional elements may refer to one or more processes operating on oneor more processing elements.

The word “exemplary” is used herein to mean “serving as an example,instance, or illustration.” Any embodiment described herein as“exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred oradvantageous over other embodiments. The terms “computing device,” “userdevice,” “communication station,” “station,” “handheld device,” “mobiledevice,” “wireless device” and “user equipment” (UE) as used hereinrefers to a wireless communication device such as a cellular telephone,a smartphone, a tablet, a netbook, a wireless terminal, a laptopcomputer, a femtocell, a high data rate (HDR) subscriber station, anaccess point, a printer, a point of sale device, an access terminal, orother personal communication system (PCS) device. The device may beeither mobile or stationary.

As used within this document, the term “communicate” is intended toinclude transmitting, or receiving, or both transmitting and receiving.This may be particularly useful in claims when describing theorganization of data that is being transmitted by one device andreceived by another, but only the functionality of one of those devicesis required to infringe the claim. Similarly, the bidirectional exchangeof data between two devices (both devices transmit and receive duringthe exchange) may be described as “communicating,” when only thefunctionality of one of those devices is being claimed. The term“communicating” as used herein with respect to a wireless communicationsignal includes transmitting the wireless communication signal and/orreceiving the wireless communication signal. For example, a wirelesscommunication unit, which is capable of communicating a wirelesscommunication signal, may include a wireless transmitter to transmit thewireless communication signal to at least one other wirelesscommunication unit, and/or a wireless communication receiver to receivethe wireless communication signal from at least one other wirelesscommunication unit.

As used herein, unless otherwise specified, the use of the ordinaladjectives “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., to describe a commonobject, merely indicates that different instances of like objects arebeing referred to and are not intended to imply that the objects sodescribed must be in a given sequence, either temporally, spatially, inranking, or in any other manner.

The term “access point” (AP) as used herein may be a fixed station. Anaccess point may also be referred to as an access node, a base station,an evolved node B (eNodeB), or some other similar terminology known inthe art. An access terminal may also be called a mobile station, userequipment (UE), a wireless communication device, or some other similarterminology known in the art. Embodiments disclosed herein generallypertain to wireless networks. Some embodiments may relate to wirelessnetworks that operate in accordance with one of the IEEE 802.11standards.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with various devices andsystems, for example, a personal computer (PC), a desktop computer, amobile computer, a laptop computer, a notebook computer, a tabletcomputer, a server computer, a handheld computer, a handheld device, apersonal digital assistant (PDA) device, a handheld PDA device, anon-board device, an off-board device, a hybrid device, a vehiculardevice, a non-vehicular device, a mobile or portable device, a consumerdevice, a non-mobile or non-portable device, a wireless communicationstation, a wireless communication device, a wireless access point (AP),a wired or wireless router, a wired or wireless modem, a video device,an audio device, an audio-video (A/V) device, a wired or wirelessnetwork, a wireless area network, a wireless video area network (WVAN),a local area network (LAN), a wireless LAN (WLAN), a personal areanetwork (PAN), a wireless PAN (WPAN), and the like.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one way and/or two-wayradio communication systems, cellular radio-telephone communicationsystems, a mobile phone, a cellular telephone, a wireless telephone, apersonal communication system (PCS) device, a PDA device whichincorporates a wireless communication device, a mobile or portableglobal positioning system (GPS) device, a device which incorporates aGPS receiver or transceiver or chip, a device which incorporates an RFIDelement or chip, a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transceiver ordevice, a single input multiple output (SIMO) transceiver or device, amultiple input single output (MISO) transceiver or device, a devicehaving one or more internal antennas and/or external antennas, digitalvideo broadcast (DVB) devices or systems, multi-standard radio devicesor systems, a wired or wireless handheld device, e.g., a smartphone, awireless application protocol (WAP) device, or the like.

Some embodiments may be used in conjunction with one or more types ofwireless communication signals and/or systems following one or morewireless communication protocols, for example, radio frequency (RF),infrared (IR), frequency-division multiplexing (FDM), orthogonal FDM(OFDM), time-division multiplexing (TDM), time-division multiple access(TDMA), extended TDMA (E-TDMA), general packet radio service (GPRS),extended GPRS, code-division multiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA(WCDMA), CDMA 2000, single-carrier CDMA, multi-carrier CDMA,multi-carrier modulation (MDM), discrete multi-tone (DMT), Bluetooth®,global positioning system (GPS), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, ZigBee, ultra-wideband(UWB), global system for mobile communications (GSM), 2G, 2.5G, 3G,3.5G, 4G, fifth generation (5G) mobile networks, 3GPP, long termevolution (LTE), LTE advanced, enhanced data rates for GSM Evolution(EDGE), or the like. Other embodiments may be used in various otherdevices, systems, and/or networks.

The following examples pertain to further embodiments.

Example 1 may include a device comprising processing circuitry coupledto storage, the processing circuitry configured to: receive a triggerframe from an associated access point (AP), wherein the trigger framecomprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths (BWs) allocated tothe device; generate an extremely high throughput (EHT) physical layerprotocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving the trigger frame from theaccess point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamble that mayinclude a signaling (U-SIG) field; encode the U-SIG field with anindication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW) allocationsto be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein the indication may bea value associated with a first option of one or more options ofselectable RU BWs; and cause to send the PPDU to the AP and an uplinkdata transmission direction.

Example 2 may include the device of example 1 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the U-SIG field comprises a version independent portionand version dependent portion.

Example 3 may include the device of example 2 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the version dependent portion comprises a versionidentifier field, an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basic serviceset (BSS) color field, a transmit opportunity (TXOP) field, and a PPDUBW field.

Example 4 may include the device of example 2 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the version independent portion comprises a preamblepuncture indication field, a PPDU format and compression field, andreserved bits.

Example 5 may include the device of example 1 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the U-SIG further comprises a cyclic redundancy code(CRC) and a tail field.

Example 6 may include the device of example 4 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the indication may be included in the reserved bits ofthe version independent portion of the U-SIG field.

Example 7 may include the device of example 1 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the indication overrides the one or more resource RU BWallocations by the AP.

Example 8 may include the device of example 1 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the selectable RU BWs are based on an idle determinationof clear channel assessment (CCA).

Example 9 may include the device of example 1 and/or some other exampleherein, wherein the selectable RU BWs include at least an anchor 20 MHzchannel.

Example 10 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storingcomputer-executable instructions which when executed by one or moreprocessors of a device result in performing operations comprising:receiving a trigger frame from an associated access point (AP), whereinthe trigger frame comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths(BWs) allocated to the device; generating an extremely high throughput(EHT) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving thetrigger frame from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHTpreamble that may include a signaling (U-SIG) field; encoding the U-SIGfield with an indication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth(BW) allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein theindication may be a value associated with a first option of one or moreoptions of selectable RU BWs; and causing to send the PPDU to the AP andan uplink data transmission direction.

Example 11 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 10 and/or some other example herein, wherein the U-SIG fieldcomprises a version independent portion and version dependent portion.

Example 12 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 11 and/or some other example herein, wherein the versiondependent portion comprises a version identifier field, an uplink(UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basic service set (BSS) color field, atransmit opportunity (TXOP) field, and a PPDU BW field.

Example 13 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 11 and/or some other example herein, wherein the versionindependent portion comprises a preamble puncture indication field, aPPDU format and compression field, and reserved bits.

Example 14 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 10 and/or some other example herein, wherein the U-SIG furthercomprises a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) and a tail field.

Example 15 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 13 and/or some other example herein, wherein the indication maybe included in the reserved bits of the version independent portion ofthe U-SIG field.

Example 16 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 10 and/or some other example herein, wherein the indicationoverrides the one or more resource RU BW allocations by the AP.

Example 17 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 10 and/or some other example herein, wherein the selectable RUBWs are based on an idle determination of clear channel assessment(CCA).

Example 18 may include the non-transitory computer-readable medium ofexample 10 and/or some other example herein, wherein the selectable RUBWs include at least an anchor 20 MHz channel.

Example 19 may include a method comprising: receiving, by one or moreprocessors of a device, a trigger frame from an associated access point(AP), wherein the trigger frame comprises one or more resource unit (RU)bandwidths (BWs) allocated to the device; generating an extremely highthroughput (EHT) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based onreceiving the trigger frame from the access point, wherein the PPDUcomprises an EHT preamble that may include a signaling (U-SIG) field;encoding the U-SIG field with an indication of one or more resource unit(RU) bandwidth (BW) allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to theAP, wherein the indication may be a value associated with a first optionof one or more options of selectable RU BWs; and causing to send thePPDU to the AP and an uplink data transmission direction.

Example 20 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the U-SIG field comprises a version independentportion and version dependent portion.

Example 21 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the version dependent portion comprises aversion identifier field, an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basicservice set (BSS) color field, a transmit opportunity (TXOP) field, anda PPDU BW field.

Example 22 may include the method of example 20 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the version independent portion comprises apreamble puncture indication field, a PPDU format and compression field,and reserved bits.

Example 23 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the U-SIG further comprises a cyclic redundancycode (CRC) and a tail field.

Example 24 may include the method of example 22 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the indication may be included in the reservedbits of the version independent portion of the U-SIG field.

Example 25 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the indication overrides the one or moreresource RU BW allocations by the AP.

Example 26 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the selectable RU BWs are based on an idledetermination of clear channel assessment (CCA).

Example 27 may include the method of example 19 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the selectable RU BWs include at least an anchor20 MHz channel.

Example 28 may include an apparatus comprising means for: receiving atrigger frame from an associated access point (AP), wherein the triggerframe comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths (BWs)allocated to the device; generating an extremely high throughput (EHT)physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving the triggerframe from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamblethat may include a signaling (U-SIG) field; encodings the U-SIG fieldwith an indication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW)allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein theindication may be a value associated with a first option of one or moreoptions of selectable RU BWs; and causing to send the PPDU to the AP andan uplink data transmission direction.

Example 29 may include the apparatus of example 28 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the U-SIG field comprises a version independentportion and version dependent portion.

Example 30 may include the apparatus of example 29 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the version dependent portion comprises aversion identifier field, an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basicservice set (BSS) color field, a transmit opportunity (TXOP) field, anda PPDU BW field.

Example 31 may include the apparatus of example 29 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the version independent portion comprises apreamble puncture indication field, a PPDU format and compression field,and reserved bits.

Example 32 may include the apparatus of example 28 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the U-SIG further comprises a cyclic redundancycode (CRC) and a tail field.

Example 33 may include the apparatus of example 31 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the indication may be included in the reservedbits of the version independent portion of the U-SIG field.

Example 34 may include the apparatus of example 28 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the indication overrides the one or moreresource RU BW allocations by the AP.

Example 35 may include the apparatus of example 28 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the selectable RU BWs are based on an idledetermination of clear channel assessment (CCA).

Example 36 may include the apparatus of example 28 and/or some otherexample herein, wherein the selectable RU BWs include at least an anchor20 MHz channel.

Example 37 may include one or more non-transitory computer-readablemedia comprising instructions to cause an electronic device, uponexecution of the instructions by one or more processors of theelectronic device, to perform one or more elements of a method describedin or related to any of examples 1-36, or any other method or processdescribed herein.

Example 38 may include an apparatus comprising logic, modules, and/orcircuitry to perform one or more elements of a method described in orrelated to any of examples 1-37, or any other method or processdescribed herein.

Example 39 may include a method, technique, or process as described inor related to any of examples 1-38, or portions or parts thereof.

Example 40 may include an apparatus comprising: one or more processorsand one or more computer readable media comprising instructions that,when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or moreprocessors to perform the method, techniques, or process as described inor related to any of examples 1-39, or portions thereof.

Example 41 may include a method of communicating in a wireless networkas shown and described herein.

Example 42 may include a system for providing wireless communication asshown and described herein.

Example 43 may include a device for providing wireless communication asshown and described herein.

Embodiments according to the disclosure are in particular disclosed inthe attached claims directed to a method, a storage medium, a device anda computer program product, wherein any feature mentioned in one claimcategory, e.g., method, can be claimed in another claim category, e.g.,system, as well. The dependencies or references back in the attachedclaims are chosen for formal reasons only. However, any subject matterresulting from a deliberate reference back to any previous claims (inparticular multiple dependencies) can be claimed as well, so that anycombination of claims and the features thereof are disclosed and can beclaimed regardless of the dependencies chosen in the attached claims.The subject-matter which can be claimed comprises not only thecombinations of features as set out in the attached claims but also anyother combination of features in the claims, wherein each featurementioned in the claims can be combined with any other feature orcombination of other features in the claims. Furthermore, any of theembodiments and features described or depicted herein can be claimed ina separate claim and/or in any combination with any embodiment orfeature described or depicted herein or with any of the features of theattached claims.

The foregoing description of one or more implementations providesillustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the scope of embodiments to the precise form disclosed.Modifications and variations are possible in light of the aboveteachings or may be acquired from practice of various embodiments.

Certain aspects of the disclosure are described above with reference toblock and flow diagrams of systems, methods, apparatuses, and/orcomputer program products according to various implementations. It willbe understood that one or more blocks of the block diagrams and flowdiagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and the flowdiagrams, respectively, may be implemented by computer-executableprogram instructions. Likewise, some blocks of the block diagrams andflow diagrams may not necessarily need to be performed in the orderpresented, or may not necessarily need to be performed at all, accordingto some implementations.

These computer-executable program instructions may be loaded onto aspecial-purpose computer or other particular machine, a processor, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a particularmachine, such that the instructions that execute on the computer,processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus create meansfor implementing one or more functions specified in the flow diagramblock or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be storedin a computer-readable storage media or memory that may direct acomputer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function ina particular manner, such that the instructions stored in thecomputer-readable storage media produce an article of manufactureincluding instruction means that implement one or more functionsspecified in the flow diagram block or blocks. As an example, certainimplementations may provide for a computer program product, comprising acomputer-readable storage medium having a computer-readable program codeor program instructions implemented therein, said computer-readableprogram code adapted to be executed to implement one or more functionsspecified in the flow diagram block or blocks. The computer programinstructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmabledata processing apparatus to cause a series of operational elements orsteps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus toproduce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions thatexecute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide elementsor steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow diagramblock or blocks.

Accordingly, blocks of the block diagrams and flow diagrams supportcombinations of means for performing the specified functions,combinations of elements or steps for performing the specified functionsand program instruction means for performing the specified functions. Itwill also be understood that each block of the block diagrams and flowdiagrams, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and flowdiagrams, may be implemented by special-purpose, hardware-based computersystems that perform the specified functions, elements or steps, orcombinations of special-purpose hardware and computer instructions.

Conditional language, such as, among others, “can,” “could,” “might,” or“may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understoodwithin the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certainimplementations could include, while other implementations do notinclude, certain features, elements, and/or operations. Thus, suchconditional language is not generally intended to imply that features,elements, and/or operations are in any way required for one or moreimplementations or that one or more implementations necessarily includelogic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whetherthese features, elements, and/or operations are included or are to beperformed in any particular implementation.

Many modifications and other implementations of the disclosure set forthherein will be apparent having the benefit of the teachings presented inthe foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings. Therefore, it isto be understood that the disclosure is not to be limited to thespecific implementations disclosed and that modifications and otherimplementations are intended to be included within the scope of theappended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they areused in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation.

What is claimed is:
 1. A device, the device comprising processingcircuitry coupled to storage, the processing circuitry configured to:receive a trigger frame from an associated access point (AP), whereinthe trigger frame comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths(BWs) allocated to the device; generate an extremely high throughput(EHT) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving thetrigger frame from the AP, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamblethat includes a signaling (U-SIG) field; encode the U-SIG field with anindication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW) allocationsto be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein the indication is avalue associated with a first option of one or more options ofselectable RU BWs; and cause to send the PPDU to the AP and an uplinkdata transmission direction.
 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the U-SIGfield comprises a version independent portion and version dependentportion.
 3. The device of claim 2, wherein the version dependent portioncomprises a version identifier field, an uplink (UL)/downlink (DL)field, a basic service set (BSS) color field, a transmit opportunity(TXOP) field, and a PPDU BW field.
 4. The device of claim 2, wherein theversion independent portion comprises a preamble puncture indicationfield, a PPDU format and compression field, and reserved bits.
 5. Thedevice of claim 1, wherein the U-SIG field further comprises a cyclicredundancy code (CRC) and a tail field.
 6. The device of claim 4,wherein the indication is included in the reserved bits of the versiondependent portion of the U-SIG field.
 7. The device of claim 1, whereinthe indication overrides the one or more resource RU BW allocations bythe AP.
 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the selectable RU BWs arebased on an idle determination of clear channel assessment (CCA).
 9. Thedevice of claim 1, wherein the selectable RU BWs include at least ananchor 20 MHz channel.
 10. A non-transitory computer-readable mediumstoring computer-executable instructions which when executed by one ormore processors of a device result in performing operations comprising:receiving a trigger frame from an associated access point (AP), whereinthe trigger frame comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths(BWs) allocated to the device; generating an extremely high throughput(EHT) physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving thetrigger frame from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHTpreamble that includes a signaling (U-SIG) field; encoding the U-SIGfield with an indication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth(BW) allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein theindication is a value associated with a first option of one or moreoptions of selectable RU BWs; and causing to send the PPDU to the AP andan uplink data transmission direction.
 11. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the U-SIG field comprisesa version independent portion and version dependent portion.
 12. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the versiondependent portion comprises a version identifier field, an uplink(UL)/downlink (DL) field, a basic service set (BSS) color field, atransmit opportunity (TXOP) field, and a PPDU BW field.
 13. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the versionindependent portion comprises a preamble puncture indication field, aPPDU format and compression field, and reserved bits.
 14. Thenon-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the U-SIGfurther comprises a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) and a tail field. 15.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein theindication is included in the reserved bits of the version dependentportion of the U-SIG field.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readablemedium of claim 10, wherein the indication overrides the one or moreresource RU BW allocations by the AP.
 17. The non-transitorycomputer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein the selectable RU BWs arebased on an idle determination of clear channel assessment (CCA). 18.The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 10, wherein theselectable RU BWs include at least an anchor 20 MHz channel.
 19. Amethod comprising: receiving, by one or more processors of a device, atrigger frame from an associated access point (AP), wherein the triggerframe comprises one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidths (BWs)allocated to the device; generating an extremely high throughput (EHT)physical layer protocol data unit (PPDU) based on receiving the triggerframe from the access point, wherein the PPDU comprises an EHT preamblethat includes a signaling (U-SIG) field; encoding the U-SIG field withan indication of one or more resource unit (RU) bandwidth (BW)allocations to be used for sending the PPDU to the AP, wherein theindication is a value associated with a first option of one or moreoptions of selectable RU BWs; and causing to send the PPDU to the AP andan uplink data transmission direction.
 20. The method of claim 19,wherein the U-SIG field comprises a version independent portion andversion dependent portion.